MENTAL RETARDATION

Mental retardation (MR) can result from a variety of causes: congenital malformations, genetic, teratogenic, infectious, toxic, and perinatal factors, and postnatal complications. It is often impossible to attribute a particular child’s or adolescent’s MR to a single cause; in half of the children and adolescents for whom causal factors are known, there is more than one such factor (e.g., early bacterial meningitis and lack of intellectual stimulation in the home). The milder the MR, the more difficult it typically is to identify a specific etiology.
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